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| Educational background |
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M.S., Chemistry, Gujarat University, 1966
M.S., Organic Chemistry, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1970
Ph.D., Organic Chemistry, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1975
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| Research interests |
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Tobacco-specific Nitrosamines
The Amin lab uses mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis as a tool for developing chemopreventive strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality from cancer. Our focus has been on structure-activity studies with mutagenic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) including NO2-PAHs, wherein we prepare specific model compounds among PAH mutagens, carcinogens and their metabolites for bioassays and for the exploration of DNA and protein adducts. Also, we have gained a great deal of experience with the synthesis, metabolic conversion, and adduct formation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific N-nitrosoamines (TSNA).
To gain a better understanding to the relationship between the DNA lesions and tumor formation, we are involved in the synthesis of site-specifically modified DNA oligomers containing PAH diol epoxide adducts. Synthetic accessibility of DNA containing specific adducts of carcinogenic sterically hindered PAHs are of immense value to an understanding of how such modified sequences are enzymatically processed within the cell and how such processing results in cell transformation.
Lipid Peroxidation
Evidence increasingly shows that many endogenous reactions can cause a variety of DNA damage, including deamination, depurination, methylation, oxidation, and cyclic adduction. Although the damage occurs at high frequency in DNA, its role in carcinogenesis is largely elusive. Studies have shown that a,b-unsaturated aldehydes or enals generated by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids are the main source of formation of cyclic adducts. The oxidized bases, which have been extensively studied, arise from reaction of DNA with reactive oxygen species. These lesions are potentially important in carcinogenesis because of their mutagenic potential and abundance in tissue DNA. To provide some answers to this important question, the lab is extensively involved in synthesizing oligonucleotides containg a,b-unsaturated aldehydes and enals adducts with focus on two major endogenous DNA lesions: cyclic adducts and oxidized bases.
Chemoprevention
The lab is also involved in structure-activity studies with chemopreventive agents such as organoselenium compounds, NSAIDs (COX-2 and other enzyme inhibitors), cytodifferentiating agents and tea polyphenols. These projects also include the synthesis of both cold-and isotope-labeled model compounds. |
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| Areas of expertise |
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| Globins | Photochemistry |
| Genes, ras | Epidermis |
| Codon | Prodrugs |
| Bacterial Proteins | Mutagenesis, Site-Directed |
| Indoles | Aniline Compounds |
| Lactation | Deoxyguanine Nucleotides |
| Lipid Peroxidation | Thiophenes |
| Benz(a)Anthracenes | DNA Polymerase I |
| Organoselenium Compounds | Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring |
| DNA-Binding Proteins | Methanol |
| Iodine Radioisotopes | Carcinogens, Environmental |
| Skin | Anticarcinogenic Agents |
| Glucosinolates | Glutathione |
| DNA | Dietary Fats |
| Chemoprevention | Lasers |
| Tea | Adenosine Triphosphatases |
| Hydrocarbons, Iodinated | Neoplasms, Experimental |
| Methylnitrosourea | Gene Expression Regulation |
| Papilloma | DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase |
| Microsomes | Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases |
| Precancerous Conditions | Caffeic Acids |
| Stomach Neoplasms | Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes |
| Kidney | Esophageal Neoplasms |
| Liver Neoplasms | 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide |
| Adenosine | Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone |
| Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| DNA Damage | Exonucleases |
| Anti-Inflammatory Agents | TATA Box |
| Chrysenes | Alleles |
| Catechin | Deoxyadenine Nucleotides |
| Pyrenes | DNA, Superhelical |
| Adenocarcinoma | Haptens |
| Breast Neoplasms | Caffeine |
| Fluorenes | Isothiocyanates |
| Nuclear Proteins | Nucleic Acid Conformation |
| Oligonucleotides | 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene |
| Hair | Smoking |
| Nasal Mucosa | Terpenes |
| Animals, Newborn | Cytosine |
| Maternal-Fetal Exchange | Plants, Toxic |
| Thioglycosides | Mammary Neoplasms, Animal |
| Benzopyrans | Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental |
| Genes, p53 | Esophagus |
| Breast | Heterocyclic Compounds with 4 or More Rings |
| Anthraquinones | Thiocyanates |
| Lung | DNA Adducts |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | Epoxy Compounds |
| Methyltransferases | Transcription Factors |
| beta-Lactams | Cell Transformation, Neoplastic |
| Pyridines | Diet |
| Salmonella typhimurium | Microsomes, Liver |
| Guanine | Glutathione Transferase |
| Mouth Neoplasms | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular |
| Isoenzymes | Mass Spectrometry |
| Skin Neoplasms | Liver |
| DNA, Neoplasm | Carcinogens |
| Cocarcinogenesis | Sequence Analysis, DNA |
| Neoplasm Proteins | Phenanthrenes |
| Ethanol | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| Adenine | Mutagenesis |
| DNA Methylation | Adenoma |
| Polycyclic Compounds | Pancreatic Neoplasms |
| Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols | Cyanates |
| Cotinine | Aroclors |
| Mutagens | Selenomethionine |
| Aminopyridines | Mutation |
| Vitamin E | Penicillins |
| DNA, Bacterial | Estrenes |
| Glucuronates | Hydroxamic Acids |
| Nicotine | Bronchi |
| Liver Neoplasms, Experimental | Lung Neoplasms |
| Benzopyrenes | Gastric Mucosa |
| Dimethylnitrosamine | Sulfhydryl Compounds |
| Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases | Butyric Acids |
| Colonic Neoplasms | Ethers, Cyclic |
| Pyrimidinones | Isocyanates |
| Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System | Cholesterol |
| 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases | Environmental Pollutants |
| Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases | Prostatic Neoplasms |
| Cephalosporins | Aldehydes |
| Serum Albumin | Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 |
| Pancreatic Juice | Genes, jun |
| Tobacco | Selenium |
| Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes | Escherichia coli |
| Brain Neoplasms | Intercalating Agents |
| Nitrosamines | Nitroso Compounds |
| Escherichia coli Proteins | Antineoplastic Agents |
| Oligodeoxyribonucleotides | Deoxyribonucleotides |
| Mammary Glands, Animal | Deoxyguanosine |
| Benzamides | Chromosome Aberrations |
| Imidazoles | NF-kappa B |
| NF-kappa B p50 Subunit | Anti-Allergic Agents |
| Benzimidazoles | Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic |
| Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon | Melanoma |
| Urea | Naphthalenes |
| Cell Proliferation | PPAR delta |
| PPAR-beta | Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins |
| Cell Cycle Proteins | Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors |
| Ligands | Melanoma, Experimental |
| Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt | Signal Transduction |
| Cytotoxicity, Immunologic | Killer Cells, Natural |
| Estrogen Antagonists | Glucuronosyltransferase |
| Tamoxifen | Mouth |
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